Which two anatomical structures form the TMJ articulation?

• A. The zygomatic arch and the maxillary sinus
• B. The coronoid process and the sphenoid bone
• C. The mandibular condyle and the temporal bone (glenoid fossa/articular eminence)
• D. The dentition and the alveolar ridge

Answer: (C)

The TMJ is formed where the mandible meets the temporal bone: the mandibular condyle of the lower jaw sits into the temporal bone’s joint surface, the mandibular fossa (also called the glenoid fossa), with the articular eminence forming the anterior boundary. Between these bony surfaces lies the articular disc, which cushions the joint and allows smooth movement. This setup makes the TMJ a synovial, modified hinge joint that supports both rotational and sliding motions of the jaw. The other structures listed aren’t joint surfaces for the TMJ—facial features like the zygomatic arch and maxillary sinus, the coronoid process with the sphenoid bone, or the teeth with the alveolar ridge do not form the articulation.